I-thread machining yenye yezona zicelo zibalulekileyo zamaziko omatshini e-CNC.Umgangatho womatshini kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemisonto kuya kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho womatshini wamacandelo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso yamaziko omatshini.
Ngokuphuculwa kokusebenza kwamaziko e-cnc machining kunye nokuphuculwa kwezixhobo zokusika, indlela yokuqhawula iphinda iphuculwe rhoqo, kwaye ukuchaneka kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-threading kuphucula ngokuthe ngcembe.Ukwenzela ukuba amagcisa akwazi ukukhetha ngokufanelekileyo iindlela zokuthunga ekuqhubeni, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunye nokuphepha iingozi ezisemgangathweni, iindlela ezininzi zokuthunga eziqhele ukusetyenziswa kumaziko omatshini eCNC xa zisebenza zishwankathelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
1. Indlela yokucofa itephu
1.1 Ukuhlelwa kunye neempawu zempompo yokucubungula
Ukusebenzisa iitephu ukucubungula imingxunya enemisonto yeyona ndlela iqhelekileyo yokusetyenzwa.Ngokukodwa ilungele imingxuma enemisonto enedamitha ezincinci (D<30) kunye neemfuno zokuchaneka kwendawo ephantsi.
Kwiminyaka yoo-1980, iindlela zokucofa eziguquguqukayo zamkelwa kwimingxuma enemisonto, oko kukuthi, i-chuck yokucofa eguquguqukayo yayisetyenziselwa ukubamba impompo, kwaye i-chuck yokucofa ingasetyenziselwa imbuyekezo ye-axial ukuhlawulela ukutya okubangelwa yi-asynchronous feed yomatshini. isixhobo kunye nesantya sokujikeleza se-spindle.Nika impazamo ukuqinisekisa unowuthi ochanekileyo.I-chuck ye-flexible tapping inesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi, ixabiso eliphezulu, umonakalo olula kunye nokusebenza kakuhle okuphantsi.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukusebenza kwamaziko omatshini e-CNC kuye kwaphucuka ngokuthe ngcembe, kwaye umsebenzi ongqongqo wokucofa uye waba luqwalaselo olusisiseko lwamaziko omatshini e-CNC.
Ke ngoko, ukucofa okuqinileyo kuye kwaba yeyona ndlela iphambili yokudibanisa ngoku.
Oko kukuthi, impompo ibotshwe ngekholethi eqinileyo, kwaye isondlo sokusonta kunye nesantya sokusonta silawulwa sisixhobo somatshini.
Xa kuthelekiswa ne-flexible tapping chuck, i-collet yasentwasahlobo inesakhiwo esilula, ixabiso eliphantsi, kunye noluhlu olubanzi lokusetyenziswa.Ukongeza ekubambeni iimpompo, inokuphinda ibambe izixhobo ezinje ngee-mill kunye ne-drills, ezinokunciphisa iindleko zesixhobo.Ngexesha elifanayo, ukucofa okuqinileyo kungasetyenziselwa ukusika isantya esiphezulu, okuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kweziko lomatshini kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokuvelisa.
1.2 Ukumiselwa komngxuma ongezantsi onentambo phambi kokucofa
Ukucutshungulwa komngxuma ongezantsi womsonto kunempembelelo enkulu kubomi bompompo kunye nomgangatho wokulungiswa kwentambo.Ngesiqhelo, ubukhulu bomngxuma osezantsi othululwayo wokugrumba ukhethwa kufutshane nomda ongaphezulu wokunyamezelana komngxuma ongezantsi,
Ngokomzekelo, i-diameter engezantsi yomngxuma we-M8 ye-threaded hole yi-Ф6.7 + 0.27mm, kunye nobubanzi be-drill bit Ф6.9mm.Ngale ndlela, isibonelelo somatshini wompompo sinokuncitshiswa, umthwalo wempompo ungancitshiswa, kwaye ubomi benkonzo yompompo bunokuphuculwa.
1.3 Ukukhethwa kweempompo
Xa ukhetha impompo, okokuqala, itephu ehambelana nayo kufuneka ikhethwe ngokwezinto eziza kucutshungulwa.Inkampani yesixhobo ivelisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeempompo ngokwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo eziza kucutshungulwa, kwaye ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe ekukhethweni.
Kuba iimpompo zinovakalelo kakhulu kwizinto eziza kwenziwa xa zithelekiswa nabasiki bemilling kunye nezixhobo ezikruqulayo.Umzekelo, ukusebenzisa iimpompo zokusetyenzwa kwentsimbi ephoswe ngentsimbi ukusetyenzwa kwealuminiyam amalungu kulula ukubangela ukulahleka komsonto, amabhanti angenamkhethe okanye ukuqhekeka kwempompo, okukhokelela kumsebenzi ochithiweyo.Okwesibini, ingqwalasela kufuneka ihlawulwe kumahluko phakathi kweempompo zomngxunya kunye neempompo zomngxuma ongaboniyo.Isikhokelo sokugqibela sempompo yomngxunya side, kwaye ukususwa kwetshiphu kukususwa kwetshiphu yangaphambili.Isiphelo sangaphambili sesikhokelo somngxuma oyimfama sifutshane, kwaye ukukhutshwa kwetshiphu kukukhutshwa kwetshiphu yangasemva.Imingxunya engaboniyo icutshungulwa ngeempompo eziphuma kumngxuma, kwaye ubunzulu bomsonto abunakuqinisekiswa.Ngaphezu koko, ukuba i-chuck yokucofa eguquguqukayo isetyenzisiwe, kufuneka kwakhona kuqatshelwe ukuba ububanzi be-tap shank kunye nobubanzi besikwere kufuneka bufanane ne-chuck yokucofa;ububanzi be-tap shank yokucofa okuqinileyo kufuneka kufane nobubanzi bejacket yasentwasahlobo.Ngamafutshane, ukhetho olufanelekileyo lweetephu kuphela olunokuqinisekisa inkqubela phambili egudileyo.
1.4 Iprogram ye-NC yomatshini weempompo
Udweliso lwenkqubo yomatshini wempompo lulula noko.Ngoku iziko lomatshini liqinisa ngokubanzi indlela yokucofa, yabela nje ixabiso leparameter nganye.Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iinkqubo zolawulo lwamanani ezahlukeneyo zinefomathi yenkqutyana eyahlukileyo, kwaye iintsingiselo zezinye iiparamitha zahlukile.
Umzekelo, inkqubo yolawulo ye-SIEMEN840C, ifomathi yeprogram yayo yile: G84 X_Y_R2_ R3_R4_R5_R6_R7_R8_R9_R10_R13_.Kufuneka unikeze ezi parameters ezili-12 kuphela xa udweliswa.
2. Indlela yokugaya imisonto
2.1 Iimpawu zokugaya intambo
Umsonto wokugaya kukusebenzisa isixhobo sokusila intambo, unxibelelwano lwe-axis emithathu yeziko lomatshini, oko kukuthi, i-X, i-Y axis circular interpolation, kunye ne-Z indlela yokugaya i-axis linear ukuqhubekekisa umsonto.
I-thread milling isetyenziselwa ukusetyenzwa kwemicu yemingxuma emikhulu kunye nemingxuma edibeneyo yezinto ezinzima-kumatshini.Ikakhulu inezi mpawu zilandelayo:
(1) Isantya sokucubungula sikhawuleza, ukusebenza kakuhle kuphezulu, kwaye ukuchaneka kokulungiswa kuphezulu.Isixhobo sesixhobo ngokuqhelekileyo sisixhobo se-carbide, kwaye isantya sokusika sikhawuleza.Isixhobo senziwa ngokuchaneka okuphezulu, ngoko ke ukuchaneka kwentambo yokugaya kuphezulu.
(2) Izixhobo zokugaya zinoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo.Ngethuba nje i-pitch ifana, kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintambo yesandla sasekhohlo okanye intambo yesandla sokunene, esinye isixhobo sinokusetyenziswa, esiluncedo ekunciphiseni iindleko zesixhobo.
(3) Ukugaya kulula ukususa iitshiphusi kunye nokupholisa phantsi.Xa kuthelekiswa neetephu, imeko yokusika ingcono.Ilungele ngokukodwa ukusetyenzwa kwentambo yezinto ezinzima-kumatshini ezifana ne-aluminiyam, ubhedu, kunye nentsimbi engenasici.
Kufanelekile ngokukhethekileyo ukuxutywa kwamacandelo amakhulu kunye neengxenye zezinto ezixabisekileyo, ezinokuqinisekisa umgangatho wokudibanisa kunye nokhuseleko lomsebenzi.
⑷ Ngenxa yokuba akukho sixhobo sangaphambili sesikhokelo, sifanelekile ukusetyenzwa kwemingxuma eyimfama enemingxuma emifutshane ephantsi kunye nemingxuma ngaphandle kwee-undercuts.
2.2 Ukuhlelwa kwezixhobo zokugaya intambo
Izixhobo zokugaya iintambo zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini, enye yi-carbide egayiweyo efake i-milling cutter, kwaye enye yi- integral carbide milling cutter.Isixhobo esibambene ngomatshini sinoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo, kwaye inomatshini imingxuma enobunzulu bentambo engaphantsi kobude bokufaka, okanye imingxunya enobunzulu bentambo enkulu kunobude bokufaka.Izigayi eziqinileyo ze-carbide zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukwenza imingxuma yomatshini enobunzulu bomsonto obungaphantsi kobude besixhobo.
2.3 Inkqubo ye-NC yokugaya intambo
Ukucwangciswa kwezixhobo zokugaya intambo kwahlukile kucwangciso lwezinye izixhobo.Ukuba inkqubo yokucubungula ayilunganga, kulula ukwenza umonakalo wesixhobo okanye iimpazamo zokucwangcisa intambo.Xa uqulunqa, nikela ingqalelo kwezi ngongoma zilandelayo:
⑴ Okokuqala, umngxuma ongezantsi ophothiweyo kufuneka uqhutywe kakuhle, umngxuma omncinci we-diameter kufuneka uqhutywe nge-drill, kwaye umngxuma omkhulu kufuneka uqhutywe ngokudika ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka komngxuma ongezantsi.
(2) Xa usika ngaphakathi nangaphandle, isixhobo kufuneka sisebenzise indlela ye-arc ejikelezayo, ngokuqhelekileyo i-1/2 isangqa sokusika ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle, kwaye ngexesha elifanayo, ulwalathiso lwe-Z-axis kufuneka luhambe nge-1/2 pitch ukuqinisekisa ukumila. womsonto.Ixabiso lembuyekezo yeradiyasi yesixhobo kufuneka iziswe ngeli xesha.
⑶ X, Y i-axis arc interpolation yomjikelo omnye, i-spindle kufuneka ihambe i-pitch enye ecaleni kwendlela ye-axis engu-Z, kungenjalo, umsonto uya kukrhwathwa ngokungacwangciswanga.
⑷ Inkqubo yomzekelo ocacileyo: ububanzi bentambo yokusika intambo yi-Φ16, umngxuma odibeneyo ngu-M48 × 1.5, kwaye ubunzulu bomngxuma odibeneyo yi-14.
Inkqubo yokucubungula imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
(Inkqubo yomngxuma ongezantsi odityanisiweyo ayifakwanga, umngxuma kufuneka ube ngumngxuma ongezantsi odikayo)
G0 G90 G54 X0 Y0
G0 Z10 M3 S1400 M8
G0 Z-14.75 Yondla kwindawo enzulu yomsonto
G01 G41 X-16 Y0 F2000 Hambisa kwindawo yokutya kwaye wongeze imbuyekezo yeradiyasi
G03 X24 Y0 Z-14 I20 J0 F500 Sebenzisa i-1/2 isangqa se-arc ukusika phakathi
G03 X24 Y0 Z0 I-24 J0 F400 Sika umsonto wonke
G03 X-16 Y0 Z0.75 I-20 J0 F500 Xa usika, sebenzisa i-1/2 isangqa arc ukusika G01 G40 X0 Y0 Buyela embindini, rhoxisa imbuyekezo radius
G0 Z100
M30
3. Indlela yokuchola-uyiwise
3.1 Iimpawu zendlela yokukhetha kunye neqhosha
Imingxuma emikhulu enemisonto ngamanye amaxesha inokuqubisana nayo kwiindawo zebhokisi.Xa zingekho iimpompo kunye nabasiki bemisonto, indlela efana nokuchola intambo ingasetyenziswa.
Faka isixhobo sokuguqula umsonto kwibha ekruqulayo ukuze udike umsonto.
Inkampani iye yacubungula i-batch yamacandelo, intambo yi-M52x1.5, kwaye isikhundla si-0.1mm (jonga uMzobo 1).Ngenxa yeemfuno zesikhundla esiphezulu kunye nomngxuma omkhulu onemisonto, akunakwenzeka ukusebenzisa itephu ukusetyenzwa, kwaye akukho mcu wokusila intambo.Emva kovavanyo, ukusetyenziswa kwendlela yokukhetha kunye ne-buckle ukuqinisekisa iimfuno zokusetyenzwa.
3.2 Imigqaliselo yendlela yokukhetha nokuwisa
⑴ Emva kokuba i-spindle iqalile, kufuneka kubekho ixesha lokulibaziseka ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-spindle ifikelela kwisantya esilinganisiweyo.
(2) Xa uhoxisa isixhobo, ukuba sisixhobo somsonto wesandla, ekubeni isixhobo asikwazi ukulolwa ngokulinganayo, isixhobo sokubuyela umva asinakusetyenziselwa ukurhoxa.Kufuneka kusetyenziswe i-spindle orientation, isixhobo sishukume ngokukhawuleza, emva koko isixhobo sirhoxiswe.
⑶ Ukwenziwa kwe-arbor kufuneka ichaneke, ngakumbi indawo ye-kerf kufuneka ihambelane.Ukuba azingqinelani, ukusetyenzwa kwebha yezixhobo ezininzi akunakusetyenziswa.Ngaphandle koko, kuya kubangela ukudideka.
⑷ Nokuba liqhina elibhityileyo kakhulu, akufuneki licholwe ngemela elinye xa lilicholwa, kungenjalo liya kubangela ukulahleka kwamazinyo kunye noburhabaxa bomphezulu obunzima.Kufuneka ihlulwe ubuncinane ibe ngamanxeba amabini.
⑸ Ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo kuphantsi, kwaye ilungele kuphela isiqwenga seebhetshi ezincinci, iintambo ezikhethekileyo zepitch kwaye akukho zixhobo zihambelanayo.
3.3 Iiprogram zemizekelo ethile
N5 G90 G54 G0 X0 Y0
N10 Z15
N15 S100 M3 M8
Ukulibaziseka kwe-N20 G04 X5, yenza i-spindle ifikelele kwisantya esilinganiselwe
N25 G33 Z-50 K1.5 iqhosha lokukhetha
N30 M19 Ukuqhelaniswa ne-Spindle
N35 G0 X-2 vumela imela
N40 G0 Z15 isixhobo sokurhoxisa
4. Isishwankathelo
Ukushwankathela, iindlela zokusetyenzwa komsonto kumaziko omatshini we-cnc ikakhulu ziquka ukusetyenzwa kwempompo, ukusetyenzwa kokugaya kunye nendlela yokuchola.Ukusetyenzwa kwempompo kunye nokulungiswa kokusila zezona ndlela ziphambili zokusetyenzwa, kwaye indlela yokuchola kuphela yindlela yexesha likaxakeka.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-13-2022