I-machining elawulwa ngamanani (i-CNC) yinkqubo yokuvelisa ukuba amashishini amaninzi afake kwiinkqubo zabo zokuvelisa.Oku kungenxa yokuba ukusetyenziswa koomatshini be-CNC kunokunyusa imveliso.Ikwavumela uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo kunoomatshini abaqhutywa ngesandla.
Ukusebenza kwenkqubo ye-CNC iyachasa, kwaye ngaloo ndlela ithatha indawo, ukulinganiselwa komatshini wokwenza ngesandla, okufuna ukuba umqhubi wentsimi aqhube kwaye akhokele imiyalelo yesixhobo somatshini ngokusebenzisa iilever, amaqhosha kunye namavili ezandla.Kulowo ubukeleyo, inkqubo ye-CNC inokufana neseti eqhelekileyo yamacandelo ekhompyutha.
Usebenza njani oomatshini beCNC?
Xa inkqubo ye-CNC ivuliwe, imilinganiselo yomatshini efunekayo icwangciswe kwisofthiwe kwaye yabelwe izixhobo ezihambelanayo kunye noomatshini, abaqhuba imisebenzi eyabelweyo yokulinganisa, njengeerobhothi.
Kwinkqubo ye-CNC, iijeneretha zekhowudi kwiinkqubo zedijithali zihlala zicinga ukuba indlela ayinasiphako, nangona kukho impazamo enokwenzeka, enokwenzeka ngakumbi xa umatshini we-CNC uyalelwa ukuba usike kwiindlela ezininzi ngaxeshanye.Ukubekwa kwezixhobo kwi-CNC kucaciswe luluhlu lwamagalelo abizwa ngokuba ziiprogram zecandelo.
Ukusebenzisa umatshini we-CNC, faka inkqubo ngokusebenzisa amakhadi e-punch.Ngokwahlukileyo, iinkqubo zezixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC zingeniswa kwikhompyuter ngephedi yamaqhosha.Inkqubo ye-CNC ihlala ikwinkumbulo yekhompyuter.Ikhowudi ngokwayo ibhaliwe kwaye ihlelwe ngabaprogram.Ke ngoko, iinkqubo ze-CNC zibonelela ngoluhlu olubanzi lwezakhono zekhompyuter.Okona kubaluleke kakhulu, iisistim ze-CNC azikho nakancinci, njengoko ukwaziswa okuhlaziyiweyo kunokongezwa kwiiprogram esele zikhona ngokuguqula ikhowudi.
CNC Machine Programming
Kwimveliso ye-CNC, oomatshini basebenza ngokulawulwa kwamanani, apho inkqubo yesofthiwe ichazwe ukulawula izinto.Ulwimi olusemva komatshini we-CNC, okwaziwa ngokuba yikhowudi ye-G, isetyenziselwa ukulawula iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuziphatha kumatshini ohambelanayo, njengesantya, izinga lokutya, kunye nolungelelwaniso.
Ngokusisiseko, i-CNC machining pre-programs isantya kunye nendawo yemisebenzi yomatshini kwaye ibaqhuba ngesoftware ngokuphindaphinda, imijikelo eqikelelwayo ngongenelelo oluncinci okanye olungenamntu.Ngexesha le-CNC machining, i-2D okanye i-3D imizobo ye-CAD iyacatshangelwa kwaye iguqulelwe kwikhowudi yekhompyutheni ukuze iqhutywe yinkqubo ye-CNC.Emva kokungena kwiprogram, umqhubi uyayivavanya ukuze aqinisekise ukuba akukho ziphoso kwikhowudi.
Ngombulelo kula mandla, inkqubo yamkelwe kuzo zonke iikona zoshishino lokuvelisa, kwaye ukuveliswa kwe-CNC kubaluleke kakhulu ekuveliseni isinyithi kunye neeplastiki.Funda ngakumbi malunga nohlobo lwesixokelelwano somatshini esisetyenziswayo kunye nendlela inkqubo yomatshini we-CNC enokwenza ngayo ngokupheleleyo ukuveliswa kwe-CNC ngezantsi:
Vula / Vala Loop Machining Systems
Kwimveliso ye-CNC, ulawulo lwesikhundla luchongwa yinkqubo evulekileyo okanye i-loop evaliweyo.Kwangaphambili, umqondiso uqhuba kwicala elinye phakathi kwe-CNC kunye ne-motor.Kwinkqubo ye-loop evaliweyo, umlawuli unako ukufumana impendulo, eyenza ukulungiswa kwempazamo kunokwenzeka.Ngaloo ndlela, inkqubo ye-loop evaliweyo inokulungisa isantya kunye nezitenxo zendawo.
Kwi-CNC machining, intshukumo idla ngokujoliswa kwi-X kunye ne-Y axes.Emva koko, isixhobo sibekwe kwaye sikhokelwa yi-stepper okanye i-servo motors eziphindaphinda intshukumo echanekileyo egqitywe yikhowudi ye-G.Ukuba amandla kunye nesantya sincinci, inkqubo inokuqhutywa ngolawulo oluvulekileyo lwe-loop.Kuyo yonke enye into, ulawulo oluvaliweyo lwesantya, ukungaguquguquki, kunye nokuchaneka okufunekayo ukusetyenzwa kwemveliso, njengemveliso yentsimbi, kuyimfuneko.
Umatshini we-CNC uzenzekela ngokupheleleyo
Kwiiprothokholi ze-CNC zanamhlanje, ukuveliswa kweenxalenye ngesoftware ecwangcisiweyo ubukhulu becala kuyazenzekela.Sebenzisa isoftware yoyilo oluncediswa yikhompyuter (CAD) ukuseta imilinganiselo yecandelo elinikiweyo, emva koko usebenzise isoftware yokwenziwa kwekhompyutha (CAM) ukuyiguqula ibe yimveliso yokwenene egqityiweyo.
Nawuphi na umsebenzi onikiweyo unokufuna izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zoomatshini, ezinje ngoomatshini kunye nabasiki.Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane nezi mfuno, oomatshini abaninzi banamhlanje badibanisa imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo ibe yiyunithi enye.
Kungenjalo, iyunithi inokuba noomatshini abaninzi kunye neseti yeerobhothi ezihambisa iinxalenye ukusuka kwesinye isicelo ukuya kwesinye, kodwa yonke into ilawulwa yinkqubo efanayo.Nokuba kumiselwe ntoni na, ukucwangciswa kwe-CNC kuvumela ukubekwa emgangathweni kwenxalenye yemveliso enzima ngomatshini owenziwe ngesandla.
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zoomatshini be-CNC
Oomatshini bokuqala be-CNC baqala ngo-1940, xa ii-motor zombane zaqala ukusetyenziswa ukulawula ukuhamba kwezixhobo ezikhoyo.Njengoko iteknoloji iqhubela phambili, ezi ndlela zongezwa yi-analog kwaye ekugqibeleni iikhompyuter zedijithali, ezikhokelela ekunyukeni komatshini we-CNC.
Umatshini wokungqusha we-CNC
Ii-CNC Mills ziyakwazi ukuqhuba iinkqubo ezibandakanya amanani kunye ne-alphanumeric cues ezikhokela i-workpiece kwimigama eyahlukeneyo.Ukucwangcisa umatshini wokugaya kunokusekwa kwikhowudi ye-G okanye ulwimi olulodwa olulodwa oluphuhliswe liqela lemveliso.Oomatshini bokungqusha abasisiseko banenkqubo ye-axis emithathu (X, Y, kunye no-Z), kodwa uninzi lwezingqusho zineezembe ezintathu.
lathe
Ngoncedo lweteknoloji ye-CNC, i-lathe inokusika ngokuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nesantya esiphezulu.Iileyile ze-CNC zisetyenziselwa umatshini onzima onzima ukufikelela kwiinguqulelo zoomatshini eziqhelekileyo.Ngokubanzi, imisebenzi yokulawula oomatshini bokugaya i-CNC kunye neentambo ziyafana.Njengoomatshini bokungqusha be-CNC, iileyile zinokuqhutywa ngolawulo lwekhowudi ye-g okanye enye ikhowudi kwileyile.Nangona kunjalo, iileyile ezininzi ze-CNC zineentsimbi ezimbini - i-X kunye ne-Z.
Ekubeni oomatshini be-CNC banokulingana nezinye izixhobo ezininzi kunye namacandelo, unokuthembela kuyo ukuba ivelise iintlobo ezininzi zeempahla ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo.Ngokomzekelo, xa ukusika okuyinkimbinkimbi kufuneka kwenziwe kwi-workpiece kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo kunye nee-angles, konke kunokwenziwa ngemizuzu kumatshini we-CNC.
Ngethuba nje umatshini ucwangciswe ngekhowudi echanekileyo, umatshini we-cnc uya kulandela amanyathelo afundiswe yi-software.Ukucinga ukuba yonke into icwangciswe ngokwezicwangciso, emva kokuba inkqubo igqityiwe, kuya kubakho imveliso eneenkcukacha kunye nexabiso lobugcisa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-29-2022